Magento is a powerful eCommerce platform written in PHP. It enables individuals to setup eCommerce and online stores in minutes. This brief tutorial is going to show students and new users an easy way to get Magento working on Ubuntu 17.04 / 17.10

Magento is written in PHP but also requires web and database servers. This can be accomplished using the LEMP stack. LEMP is a acronym for Linux, Nginx (Engine-X), MySQL and PHP. Many reputable online stores and brick and mortal establishments are using this software to run their businesses.

So, without wasting anymore of your time, let’s get started with installing Magento on Ubuntu. To do that, follow the steps below:

This post covers installing the latest version of Magento, which at the time of writing was at version 2.1.9.

To get started with installing Magento, follow the steps below:

Step 1: Install Nginx

Magento requires a webserver to function and the most popular webserver in use today is Apache2. So, go and install Nginx on Ubuntu by running the commands below:

sudo apt-get install nginx

Next, run the commands below to stop, start and enable Nginx service to always start up with the server boots.

sudo systemctl stop nginx.service
sudo systemctl start nginx.service
sudo systemctl enable nginx.service

Step 2: Install MariaDB

Moodle also requires a database server to function.. and MariaDB database server is a great place to start. To install it run the commands below.

sudo apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client

After installing, the commands below can be used to stop, start and enable MariaDB service to always start up when the server boots.

sudo systemctl stop mariadb.service
sudo systemctl start mariadb.service
sudo systemctl enable mariadb.service

After that, run the commands below to secure MariaDB server.

sudo mysql_secure_installation

When prompted, answer the questions below by following the guide.

• Enter current password for root (enter for none): Just press the Enter
• Set root password? [Y/n]: Y
• New password: Enter password
• Re-enter new password: Repeat password
• Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]: Y
• Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]: Y
• Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]:  Y
• Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]:  Y

Restart MariaDB server

sudo systemctl restart mariadb.service

Step 3: Install PHP and Related Modules

Magento also requires PHP to function. To install PHP and related modules run the commands below

sudo apt-get install php-fpm php-common php-mbstring php-xmlrpc php-soap php-gd php-xml php-intl php-mysql php-cli php-mcrypt php-ldap php-zip php-curl

Some of the packages above may depend on Apache2 webserver.. so installing them may also install Apache2. Run the commands below to disable Apache2 from starting up.

sudo systemctl disable apache2.service

Step 4: Create Magento Database

Now that you’ve install all the packages that are required, continue below to start configuring the servers. First run the commands below to create Magento database.

Run the commands below to logon to the database server. When prompted for a password, type the root password you created above.

sudo mysql -u root -p

Then create a database called magento

CREATE DATABASE magento;

Create a database user called magentouser with new password

CREATE USER 'magentouser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new_password_here';

Then grant the user full access to the database.

GRANT ALL ON magento.* TO 'magentouser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'user_password_here' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Finally, save your changes and exit.

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EXIT;

Step 5: Download Magento Latest Release

Next, visit Magento site and register for a free account. You must register before you’re allowed to download a copy. The community edition is what you’ll want to download.

After downloading, run the commands below to extract the download file into Nginx root directory.

sudo mkdir /var/www/html/magento/
sudo tar -zxvf ~/Downloads/Magento-CE*.tar.gz -C /var/www/html/magento/

Change or modify the directory permission to fit Apache2 configuration.

sudo chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/
sudo chmod -R 755 /var/www/html/

Step 6: Configure Nginx

Finally, configure Nginx site configuration file for Magento. This file will control how users access Magento content. Run the commands below to create a new configuration file called magento

sudo nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/magento

Then copy and paste the content below into the file and save it. Replace the highlighted line with your own domain name and directory root location.

upstream fastcgi_backend {
 #       server  unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock; # for Ubuntu 17.04
         server  unix:/run/php/php7.1-fpm.sock; # for Ubuntu 17.10
}

server {
    listen 80;
    listen [::]:80;
    index  index.php index.html index.htm;
    server_name  example.com www.example.com;

    set $MAGE_ROOT /var/www/html/magento;
    set $MAGE_MODE developer;
    include /var/www/html/magento/nginx.conf.sample;
}

Save the file and exit.

Step 7: Enable the Magento

After configuring the VirtualHost above, enable it by running the commands below

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/magento /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

Step 8 : Restart Nginx

To load all the settings above, restart Apache2 by running the commands below.

sudo systemctl restart nginx.service

Then open your browser and browse to the server domain name. You should see Magento setup wizard to complete. Please follow the wizard carefully.

Continue with the wizard

Enter the database information

Create a new admin account to manage magento

Continue until you’re done.

Enjoy!

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